The Making of Grace

How Jeff’s only finished album was snatched from the ether, as a deadline loomed. By David Browne.

10: Sept '93 Up to Bearsville to record for three weeks.

11: Jan '94 album released.

12: Real work then begins.

Jeff Buckley, portion of hand written itinerary, summer '93.

ANDY WALLACE'S CAR SNAKED UP THE WINDING road, kicking up gravel with each turn. At the top of the unnamed street, past the private property signs and hidden behind trees, lay Bearsville Studio. The two-storey, barn-like wooden structure off Route 212 had been a musicians' favourite for two decades, thanks to its relaxed environment and isolation. Woodstock in 1993 was still very much an artists' community. It seemed ideal for Jeff: removed from the potential distractions in New York, yet close enough for visits home.

Wallace, the 46-year old professorial producer responsible for mixing Nirvana's Nevermind, walked inside the building into Studio A, whose hardwood floors, cement walls and 38-foot ceiling made it feel like a combination aircraft hanger and school gymnasium. Seated behind the organ, Jeff was singing Hocus Pocus, the '70s novelty single by Dutch prog band Focus; he even had the song's recognisable yodel perfected. "They were," says Wallace, "eager to start." Adds bassist Nick Grondahl, "The leaves were starting to turn. It was a beautiful time of year."

For his first album, Jeff had been allotted five weeks at Bearsville. Andy Wallace intended that the band would record the basic tracks: bass guitar, drums, a guitar track or two, and a guide vocal. At $2,000 a day, including rent of a nearby 'writer's cottage' in which Jeff stayed, Bearsville wasn't cheap; it was vital to work quickly because the more money spent, the greater his recoupable debt to Sony.

Not surprisingly, given Jeff's indecisive nature at the time and the fact he was working with a new band, the first few weeks were unfocused. Nearly a year had elapsed since he had signed to Columbia, yet the exact nature of his all- important debut album was still amorphous. To Columbia's A&R man Steve Berkowitz, the album would be 'Jeff Buckley with accompaniment': Jeff singing his Sin-e repertoire, both originals and covers, with unobtrusive accompaniment from drummer Matt Johnson and bassist Grondahl. To warm Jeff up before recording each day, Wallace even had him perform solo sets of his Sin-e material to an audience of engineers and studio employees. (One of the performances, Lost Highway, would later surface as a B-side.)

For Jeff, though, the process was not so simple. As they set up in Studio A, facing each other in the middle of the room, the trio started with Last Goodbye. Jeff had been performing the song solo for several years as Unforgiven; the new title took its cue from the song's opening line. No one was sure how the band arrangement should sound, and several different patterns for the bass and drums were attempted. It soon became apparent that Jeff didn't have just one, solid idea for how to approach each song; he had several. "Jeff never finalised anything," says Wallace. "He never said, 'This is the arrangement, this is the way it has to be.' It would always be a little bit different - sometimes vastly different - every time he played it."

A few of the songs came easily: Mojo Pin was nailed in its third or fourth take, and Grace in eight or nine. Burying a hatchet, Jeff invited Gary Lucas, his bandmate in God And Monsters back in 1992, up to Bearsville for four days to contribute the swirling, darting guitar lines he had added to the original band demos of those two songs. The session logs list multiple takes of most of the songs, including over 20 of Hallelujah (one is described as "angrier, harder"). Lover, You Should've Come Over was still rough, and by the session's end, had been whittled down to three versions. Johnson was given two drum kits - one for a beefier rock sound, the other for a jazz feel - and a local arranger (and jazz-vibes legend), Karl Berger, was hired to write orchestral parts, which were then played by a local string quartet. At the latter session, Jeff surprised everyone by writing out some of the notation for the string parts; consistent with his enigmatic image, he had failed to tell anyone he had attended a music school in LA.

Adding to complications was a film crew Berkowitz had hired to document the sessions. As the crew was shooting one day, Jeff stood at a microphone and sang Grace. "He probably did four or five takes," recalls friend and Columbia employee Leah Reid. "He did one amazing version, really intense, and at the end he said, 'Oh, that was OK'.”

After a month, a number of tracks had been recorded but the album still seemed somewhat nebulous, and there wasn't yet enough for a full CD. Then, several days before the scheduled end of the sessions Jeff came in one morning and told Wallace, "I have an idea for a new song." Seated in the wood-panelled control room, Wallace liked what he heard - a dark, brooding, blues-flecked instrumental - and asked the trio to bang out a quick take.

"They're into the first take and I'm like, Andy, are you recording this?" Berkowitz recalls. "And he says, 'Yes.' We were both stunned. The song ended and we were like, Where did that come from?"

"Oh, I don't know," Jeff replied. "It was something we messed around with last night.”

Thinking it had potential, Wallace asked if there were any lyrics. "Ahh, they're not done yet," Jeff replied. Yet, as Wallace recalls, "He was agreeable and went out and sang the vocal the first pass. I said, Damn, that's killer." Jeff called it Forget Her, after its chorus: "Don't fool yourself, she was heartache from the moment you met her/My heart is still frozen as I try to find the will to forget her.”

It was, according to Berkowitz, the beginning of "the moment". Over the next few days, literally the end of the session, ideas for instruments, vocal textures and overall shaping burst out of Jeff. "All of a sudden," says Berkowitz, "we were on this roller-coaster ride." The fully-realised opus he and other Columbia executives had thought Jeff would make on his second or third album was suddenly happening, and Berkowitz hurriedly obtained authorisation for an extra week of studio time. Rather than being a mere recreation of Jeff's solo and cabaret side, the music began to incorporate Zeppelinesque intensity, modal Qawwali tunings and anthemic, windswept rock guitars.

Grondahl feels Berkowitz's perception of a last-minute rush of creative juices "is coming out of his anxiety or misunderstanding of what was going on. There were sparks happening six weeks before that." There was no better example than the evolution of one particular track. On the first day of band rehearsals in New York City, Grondahl had played a two-note bass line that Jeff and Johnson picked up on and began building into a denser, swirling instrumental. The piece continued to evolve at Bearsville. After recording rough versions of it, the band and Berkowitz would pile into their van and drive for hours along the winding, unlit Woodstock roads, repeatedly listening to the tape of the unfinished song. As the tape rolled and the van ploughed on into the night, Jeff listened intently, staring ahead. Although the song was nowhere near finished and had no lyrics - only a title, Dream Brother - Jeff knew it was a special, meaningful piece of music.

After six weeks, ending the day before Hallowe'en, the sessions were done. The album was far from complete, but the basics, the soul, were in hand. Equally, if not more importantly, it appeared that Jeff had discovered something else along the way: himself. Even he had no idea what had been unleashed.

Making Of Grace adapted from David Browne's Dream Brother. The Lives Of Jeff and Tim Buckley, which will be published by 4th Estate in the UK later this year, and by Harper Collins US early 2001.

Back to Feature Articles